More Information about "Pigments and Fillers"

More than just colour: ACAT ColourStar® dyes, pigments and pigment pastes are in demand worldwide and are used in many different industries thanks to their benefits. In the automotive industry, they are used for tinting paints and coatings. In the construction industry, they are used to colour concrete, mortar and plaster. They are also used worldwide in the packaging industry, for example, for printing and coating plastic films and paper. The rubber and glass industries benefit from the versatility of ColourStar® pigment pastes, whether for colouring rubber goods or coating or decorating glass. “We also produce customised pigment pastes tailored to individual customer requirements. This allows us to adapt the colourant’s colour, properties and consistency precisely to the customer’s needs,” explains Andreas Lorenz (Sales & Technology ACAT chemtech).

Carefully selected raw materials

The raw materials used are vital to ACAT. High-quality materials, such as organic or inorganic pigments and dyes, are used for the pigment pastes. Other ingredients include additives such as dispersing agents, water and solvents, latex and rubber. “Together with our suppliers, we carefully select the raw materials and test them for purity and quality. This guarantees end products that meet the highest standards and offer optimum performance and colour depth,” says Lorenz, speaking from practical experience.

Sophisticated manufacturing process

The production of pigment pastes requires precision. The raw materials are mixed according to fixed recipes, and the pigments and additives are precisely dosed. This ensures the desired colour properties. “When developing products, we often work very closely with our customers to create customised solutions. “Next, the mixture is ground to prevent pigment clumping. This creates a coarse dispersion and facilitates the next processing steps. The coarse pre-mixed paste is fed into special ball or bead mills. There, the pigments are ground further to evenly distribute in the paste. “State-of-the-art milling technology is the key to ensuring that the pigments reach the optimum size. This improves colour brilliance and stability,” says Lorenz. After grinding, the paste is processed further. This includes adjusting the viscosity, regulating the pH value and adding additional substances to improve durability and processing. Each batch is then subjected to strict quality control. During this process, colour shade, viscosity, particle size and stability are carefully tested, ensuring that the pigment pastes meet ACAT’s high quality standards and are suitable for their respective applications.

High-quality packaging

The finished pigment pastes are packaged in suitable containers, from small units for the laboratory or production trials to large containers for industrial customers. When it comes to packaging, ACAT employees take great care to ensure that no contamination occurs, and that the quality of the products is maintained during transportation and storage. “We consistently strive to ensure that our customers always get the best product, from raw materials to packaging,” concludes Lorenz. ●

Silysiamont S.p.A. is an Italian based company established in 2002 by the Japanese Company Fuji Silysia Chemical Ltd, specialized in the production of amorphous silica with more than 50 years’ experience.

Silysiamont S.p.A. produces micronized amorphous silica with varying degrees of pore volume and particle sizes under the brand name SYLYSIA®, and is active in the EMEA markets both directly and through a network of local distributors like Applied Chemicals.

Silysiamont is certified on Quality, Safety and Environmental by ISO 9001- 45001-14001 accreditation. The chemical structure of SYLYSIA® is based on Silicon Dioxide (SiO2), The refractive index of SYLYSIA® is 1.46 -a high transparency similar to many polymer materials.

Characteristics of SYLYSIA

Porosity

SYLYSIA® has a sponge-like structure with different degrees of porosity that varies from low (0,4 ml/g) to high (1,8 ml/g) pore volumes. Low pore volume grades present reduced liquids absorption capacity and therefore limited influence on viscosity. High pore volume grades are characterized by higher matting efficiency thanks to their higher volume (number of particles) per unit weight.

Surface Treatment

SYLYSIA® grades are characterized by high specific surface area (300-700 m2/g).

Surface treatment is applied to the product in order to improve the performance in various applications. In most SYLYSIA® grades an organic treatment, based on different wax types, is applied in order to meet specific needs, as for example: prevention of the formation of a hard sediment and improvement of the mechanical properties of the applied paint film.

Particle Size

Each SYLYSIA® grade has a specific and controlled particle size distribution. The particle size is immediately relevant to the matting efficiency, smoothness and transparency of the applied paint film. In most applications, the selection of a suitable SYLYSIA® grade with a specific particle size is governed by the thickness of the applied film.

Versatilit The wide range of pore and particle sizes available make SYLYSIA® grades suitable for a wide variety of applications.

Quality and mechanical properties of the applied film

SYLYSIA® grades provide smooth paint film surfaces with a high degree of transparency and consistency. SYLYSIA® organic surface treatment silica improves surface slip and also benefits mechanical properties of the film.

Ease of dispersion

SYLYSIA® is very easily dispersible even under critical conditions and can be added in any phase during the production cycle. However, high speed stirring equipment with suitable peripheral speed of 5 to 10 m/s and dispersion time of at least 15 to 20 minutes are recommended to get the best performance from the chosen silica grade.

Rheology

SYLYSIA’s special production process lead to silica with a minimal, highly controllable rheological impact allowing higher matting efficiency with optimum rheological behaviour.

Synthetic micronized silica gel can be used in a wide variety of applications including matting agents in paint and coatings, anti-blocking in polymer films, carrier in catalyst, food and cosmetics and many others.

Matting agent for coatings

Silica is available in a variety of different pore volume, particle size, oil absorption and surface treatment making SYLYSIA the ideal matting agent for the following applications: • Water and solvent based paint and varnish

• Leather coating
• Wood coating
• Do-It-Yourself (DIY)
• Coil coating
• UV systems
• Can coating

Ink

Sylysia in OPV offers an excellent matting efficiency combined with high transparency and enhanced blocking resistance.

Inkjet paper coatings

The wide spectrum of particle size, pore volume and oil absorption make SYLYSIA capable of meeting all the requirements of the coating formulators. The use of SYLYSIA speeds the ink drying rates, leading to excellent optical density and color gamut, enhancing high print definition and minimal color to color bleed.

Anti-Blocking

Adding SYLYSIA into the resin, the adhesive effects experienced during rolling and lamination of plastic films can be prevented. Thanks to it refractory index of 1.46 it can be used in most plastic resins without deteriorating film transparency.

Food & Cosmetics

SYLYSIA FCP is an amorphous silica-gel characterized by high purity and high porosity and it is produced to meet the US Pharmacopeia requirements. In the EU it is approved as E551 additive. It is used as anti-caking agent, flow and viscosity controller.

Special Fields

SYLYSIA® is a synthetic silica characterized by large internal surface area and high porosity. Controlling these properties, the silica can be used in a variety of other of application such Adhesives, Catalysts supports, Ceramics, etc.

With our pigments, dyes and preparations, we can cover the entire range of industrial applications: in the plastics, paint and varnish, agricultural, building materials, food and feed, writing and artist sectors. Dyes are colouring substances. Unlike pigments dyes are soluble in application media, such as water, oils or solvents.

The main applications are the dyeing of textiles, paper and leather. Pigments are defined as colourants existing as fine particles and they are virtually insoluble in the application medium. They are used for paints, varnishes and plastics. In the pharmaceutical and food industry, however, the term dye is used for both pigments and soluble colourants.

Dyes are easy to use, but it takes some effort to commercially use pigments. Usually the particles must be pre-dispersed to break up and disperse the agglomerates.

Furthermore, dispersants and wetting agents are needed to wet the particles and to prevent separation from the application medium. To facilitate the complicated preparation for the consumer, often highly concentrated pigment preparations are distributed, which have to be adjusted to the individual application of the customer. For plastics, it is possible to produce

so-called master batches, in which the desired pigment or even mixtures of several pigments are incorporated into a binder matrix. The granulated pigment concentrates can be added very precisely during processing to achieve the exact and reproducible colour hue. Only in powder coatings pigments can be used without preparing. However, they are often combined with one or more fillers to be able to dose them more easily.

We supply pigments and dyes in liquid form and for aqueous applications APEO- and VOC-free. We also have universal pastes for solvent systems and aqueous systems in our product range. We offer pastes for epoxy, polyester, silicone and PU resins. Powders and dyes in powder form, also in dust-free or in pre-dispersed form, are available for many applications.

We are happy to advise you on the possibilities of delivering the tailor-made product for your application!

In this context, intelligent means that the products have special properties to meet the specific requirements of our customers with regard to mechanical and thermal characteristics. The special shape of the Lapinus fibres provides reinforcement and dimensional stability of composites. These properties are enhanced by a special surface treatment ensuring a chemical or physical bond between the fibres and the matrix material. The extremely high melting temperature of the fibres allows excellent function even at temperatures where other fibres such as cellulose, aramid fibres or slag can no longer be used. The Lapinus fibres have a high mechanical strength due to the excellent bonding properties. Therefore they significantly increase the durability of the finished products resulting in a prolonged period of use. The fibres can be used in the field of paints, composites, plastics, seals and also in friction linings.

For about a decade now, fluorescent paints have been an integral part of many sporting goods. Fluorescent pigments are used in the production of diving suits, swimming aids, skis, bicycle helmets, balls of all kinds, sports shoes or goalkeeper gloves. In addition to the visual appearance, of course, the functionality of the respective sports article is a decisive criteria. For example, goalkeeper gloves (picture above) are real technical masterpieces. Meanwhile, there are special goalkeeper gloves for the different grounds on which games are played on and even for different weather conditions. Whether a team wins the World Cup or the European Championship or not depends also on the goalkeeper being able to hold the ball securely. In this connection the latex adhesive foam of the gloves play an important role. The production of latex adhesive foams is a very critical application where high temperatures, water and ammonia (simultaneously base and solvent) could attack the pigment particles. The neutrality (inertness) of the new luminous pigments with regard to functionality in the described application promises far-reaching neutrality and stability in other coating systems and paints with demanding process parameters. The ARAQUA fluorescent pigments withstood very well similarly difficult process parameters during the production of the limited edition of Coca-Cola glasses available in neon yellow and neon pink at McDonald`s in the summer of 2017. The company planned a six- week sale, but in fact, they were sold out after only one week.

Away from formaldehyde

Stable luminescent pigments are usually produced on the basis of formaldehyde. Since January 1st, 2016 formaldehyde has been classified as a carcinogen throughout Europe; but the decision to do this was already made in June 2014. It is therefore all the more important to replace old technologies with new formaldehyde-free production methods without compromising on the most important functional properties of daylight fluorescent pigments. In the case of goalkeeper gloves, these are in particular the adhesive properties of the pigments in addition to luminosity, migration and light stability. The product safety must not be at the expense of grip and colour brilliance. Instead, the switch to formaldehyde-free formulations should also be used for further product improvements. This could be achieved with two series of newly developed formaldehyde-free daylight fluorescent pigments for solvent-based and for aqueous formulations. Rui Patrício, the goalkeeper of the new European Football Champion kept the ball safely with the goalkeeper gloves owing their bright colour to these pigments, and in the final match against France the glowing gloves could not be overlooked. The advantage of daylight fluorescent pigments (TLP) for aqueous applications over TLP for solvent applications is that they require less hardening and a lower degree of cross-linking. This enables finer grinding and is associated with an increase in colour strength. Older formaldehyde-free technologies used polyester chemistry, which, however, have considerable stability deficiencies when stored in aqueous formulations. However, the newly developed formaldehyde-free technology for aqueous formulations based on hybrid polymers is stable. In addition, the new fluorescent pigments show a significant improvement in light stability to 70-100% compared to the conventional fluorescent pigments based on melamine-toluene-sulfonamide-formaldehyde resins and even 350-500% compared to their counterparts based on benzoguanamine-formaldehyde resins.

Critical properties of daylight fluorescent pigments

Fluorescent pigments are usually solid solutions (encapsulations) of fluorescent dyes in resins and polymers. The dyes are usually physically and partly also chemically bound to these carriers. The development of naphthalimide- and xanthene fluorescent dyes in Germany and England in the late 19th and early 20th centuries marked the beginning of this class of effect pigments. Advances in polymer chemistry opened the door to new solid solutions of known dyes and other dyes available later – and thus to the further development and increasing marketing of fluorescent pigments. Today, research and development focus on improving important functional pigment parameters, such as light stability, heat stability, colour strength, brilliance, opacity or transparency, solvent and water resistance, the prevention of migration, efflorescence and the escape of residual monomers. In particular, the replacement of formaldehyde in the formulations is on the agenda. Using the melamine-formaldehyde pigments as an example it is explained which parameters can be modified to improve the technical performance of fluorescent pigments and where are the limits. Finally, the latest results and progress in research for better fluorescent pigments will be presented. Compared to the formaldehyde-containing fluorescent pigments, the new ARAQUA and ARAGEN fluorescent pigments have the following properties:

3. Similar brilliance & colour intensity
4. Higher light fastness: approx. 2 times higher compared to conventional formaldehyde-containing fluorescent pigments and 3 to 5 times higher compared to the benzquanamine pigments
5. Better water resistance and compatibility of the ARAQUA fluorescent pigments

4. Better and longer shelf life of the coatings produced with them 5. Higher alkaline resistance
5. Higher alkaline resistance
6. Better solvent resistance of ARAGEN fluorescent pigments
7. Significantly higher heat resistance of the ARAGEN fluorescent pigments

Based on a new hybrid technology, the formaldehyde-free ARAGEN (AG-10)-TLP for PVC, PU, latex and solvent formulations as well as their counterparts for aqueous formulations ARAQUA (AQ-10) were developed.

In contrast, the new TLP grades use a formaldehyde-free hybrid polymer technology. In the case of the pigments for aqueous formulations, the polarity of the surface is also increased making them particularly easy to integrate. The lower degree of crosslinking enables finer grinding. This way the best results are achieved in aqueous formulations and oil or
naphtha formulations are also possible. A comparison of the properties of the two new formaldehyde-free TLP types and two formaldehyde-containing TLPs is shown in the graph below.

Conclusion

With the new technologies described above, we have taken a huge step towards our target of a comprehensive formaldehyde-free production and application of fluorescent pigments. The new technologies outperform their formaldehyde-containing predecessors in all important properties, especially in terms of light and storage stability. The renunciation of formaldehyde is possible without any compromise, both in solvent formulations and in aqueous formulations. The neutrality (inertness) of the new fluorescent pigments under extreme conditions (high process, thermal and chemical loads) is equivalent to far-reaching neutrality and stability in other coating systems and varnishes with demanding process parameters.

Results at a Glance

• Formaldehyde is classified as a carcinogen
• Conventional formaldehyde-containing daylight fluorescent pigments should therefore be replaced by formaldehyde-free ones – without compromising on critical functional properties.
• Two series of formaldehyde-free fluorescent pigments for solvent-based and for aqueous formulations have been newly developed.
• Compared to formaldehyde-containing grades, both show at least equal brilliance with considerably improved light fastness and storage stability. The solvent resistance of the new series designed for solvent-based formulations is significantly higher.
• The new daylight pigments use a formaldehyde-free hybrid polymer technology. In the case of pigments for aqueous formulations, the polarity of the surface is also increased, making them particularly easy to integrate.
• The lower degree of cross-linking enables finer grinding
• The formaldehyde-free daylight pigments for aqueous formulations are particularly suitable for aqueous coatings, aqueous artist paints and aqueous engraving, transfer and screen printing inks.